Introduction
Radiation therapy is one of the most widely used treatments against cancer and, thanks to modern technology, it is becoming increasingly precise and safe. In this article, we explain in clear terms what it is, how it works, and why it remains one of the main tools in the fight against cancer.
What Is Radiation Therapy?
Radiation therapy is a medical treatment that uses high-energy radiation to destroy cancer cells or shrink tumors. It can be used alone or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy, depending on the type and stage of cancer.
How Does It Work?
The radiation is precisely targeted to the affected area, damaging the DNA of cancer cells so they can no longer multiply. Over time, these cells die, and the body naturally eliminates them. Modern techniques such as VMAT, IMRT, radiosurgery (SBRT/SRS), and 3D conformal radiation therapy allow for highly precise delivery of radiation while protecting healthy tissue as much as possible.
Types of Radiation Therapy
- External radiation therapy: the most common type; the linear accelerator delivers radiation from outside the body.
- Internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy): used less frequently; it involves placing radioactive sources inside or near the tumor. (Here you can link to your Services → Treatments section.)
- Primary treatment.
- Adjuvant treatment (before or after surgery/chemotherapy).
- Palliative treatment (to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life).